2 Samuel 15:27

Authorized King James Version

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The king said also unto Zadok the priest, Art not thou a seer? return into the city in peace, and your two sons with you, Ahimaaz thy son, and Jonathan the son of Abiathar.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 18
to say (used with great latitude)
הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ The king H4428
הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ The king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 2 of 18
a king
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 18
near, with or among; often in general, to
צָד֣וֹק also unto Zadok H6659
צָד֣וֹק also unto Zadok
Strong's: H6659
Word #: 4 of 18
tsadok, the name of eight or nine israelites
הַכֹּהֵ֔ן the priest H3548
הַכֹּהֵ֔ן the priest
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 5 of 18
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
הֲרוֹאֶ֣ה Art not thou a seer H7200
הֲרוֹאֶ֣ה Art not thou a seer
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 6 of 18
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אַתָּ֔ה H859
אַתָּ֔ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 7 of 18
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
שֻׁ֥בָה return H7725
שֻׁ֥בָה return
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 8 of 18
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
הָעִ֖יר into the city H5892
הָעִ֖יר into the city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 9 of 18
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
בְּשָׁל֑וֹם in peace H7965
בְּשָׁל֑וֹם in peace
Strong's: H7965
Word #: 10 of 18
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
וַֽאֲחִימַ֨עַץ with you Ahimaaz H290
וַֽאֲחִימַ֨עַץ with you Ahimaaz
Strong's: H290
Word #: 11 of 18
achimaats, the name of three israelites
בְנֵיכֶ֖ם sons H1121
בְנֵיכֶ֖ם sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 12 of 18
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
וִיהֽוֹנָתָ֧ן and Jonathan H3083
וִיהֽוֹנָתָ֧ן and Jonathan
Strong's: H3083
Word #: 13 of 18
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
בְנֵיכֶ֖ם sons H1121
בְנֵיכֶ֖ם sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 14 of 18
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֶבְיָתָ֛ר of Abiathar H54
אֶבְיָתָ֛ר of Abiathar
Strong's: H54
Word #: 15 of 18
ebjathar, an israelite
שְׁנֵ֥י and your two H8147
שְׁנֵ֥י and your two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 16 of 18
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
בְנֵיכֶ֖ם sons H1121
בְנֵיכֶ֖ם sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 17 of 18
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אִתְּכֶֽם׃ H854
אִתְּכֶֽם׃
Strong's: H854
Word #: 18 of 18
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

Analysis & Commentary

The king said also unto Zadok the priest, Art not thou a seer? return into the city in peace, and your two sons with you, Ahimaaz thy son, and Jonathan the son of Abiathar.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Absalom's Rebellion, emphasizing betrayal, trusting God in exile. Absalom's conspiracy demonstrates calculating betrayal and political manipulation. David's flight from Jerusalem parallels later exile experiences, developing themes of trusting God during devastating reversals. The Hebrew emphasizes Absalom's patient, methodical undermining of David's authority. Cross-references to Psalms written during this period (Psalms 3, 63) reveal David's spiritual responses to political catastrophe.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 15 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding betrayal, trusting God in exile provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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